Rana Tahir Shahbaz War adversely affects combatants and non-combatants alike, both physically and emotionally .Death, injury, malnutrition, illness, and disability are some of the most threatening physical consequences of war, while post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety are some of the emotional effects. The terror and horror spread by the violence of war disrupts lives and severs relationships and families, leaving individuals and communities emotionally distressed. Putting aside the very real human cost, war has also serious economic costs – damage to infrastructure, a decline in the working population,Read More

Sabah Aslam Jared Cohen former counter terrorism advisor to Hillary Clinton says “we live in a world where wars will begin as cyber wars… it’s the combination of hacking and massive, well-coordinated disinformation campaigns”. Cohen as other contemporary experts onArmed conflict emphasized on cyber warfare and disinformation. The method and techniques employed to protect the digital space from any malicious exploitation refers to cyber security. To make a distinction between disinformation and a cyber attack is the target. Cyber-attacks are aimed at computer infrastructure while disinformation exploits our inherent cognitiveRead More